Background: Nanoparticle-enabled targeted drug delivery has proven effective in cancer treatment due to its ability to cross biological barriers, achieve
therapeutic concentrations within tumors, and minimize adverse effects on surrounding healthy tissues. MGN-3/Biobran is a widely recognized natural compound known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties. This study examined the effects of natural product MGN-3 nanoparticles on the toxicity to liver, kidney and spleen caused by Ehrlich ascites cancer (EAC) in an in vivo model.
Method: In addition to the negative control group, the EAC model was conducted by injecting EAC cells subcutaneously into the female albino mice's thighs. Free MGN-3 and MGN-3 nanoparticles were injected intraperitoneally every other day into mice with solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) tumors. Body weight (BW) was monitored throughout the study and tumors were collected on day 22 post-inoculation and weighed. Liver, spleen and kidney organs were excised and weight. Lipid profile parameters and indicators for liver and kidney function were determined using serum.
Results: The results showed that EAC inoculation caused in addition to subcutaneous solid tumor formation, significant decrease in Body Weight, increase in organ weights, marked rise in serum concentrations of aspartate, alanine aminotransferases and gamma-glutamyl transferase (AST, ALT, GGT), urea, creatinine, uric acid, and Total cholesterol. Also, remarkable elevation in Low Density Lipoprotein / High Density Lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) ratio and triglycerides level was detected. Besides reducing tumor weight, the protective effects on BW and distant organs by MGN-3 were observed by maintaining normal BW, liver, spleen and kidney weights, ameliorating all biochemical parameters within normal values. Such results were more pronounced with Biobran nanoparticles.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Nanocapsulation of MGN-3/Biobran appears promising as a chemopreventive agent against tumor progression and EAC-induced toxicity in healthy liver, kidney and spleen organs.